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Telehealth and E-Therapy
Online Resources

By Jeffrey E. Barnett, Psy.D., and Ofer Zur, Ph.D.
2006

This article is part of an online course on Telehealth.

Telehealth or e-therapy is the use of technology to provide clinical services. Telehealth activities may include: Using the telephone (of course, including cell phones) for crisis intervention or other contacts between in-person sessions; Providing clinical services entirely by telephone to an individual in a different geographical area; Using e-mail for in between in-person session contacts with clients; Using e-mail to provide online counseling services with no in-person contact; Providing assessment or treatment services to an individual in a different location utilizing interactive televideo communications technology.

Following is a list of telehealth or e-therapy online resources.
Note: The nature of the Internet is always rapidly evolving. Some of these links will change by the time you get to them. These links were live as of April 1, 2005.


Telehealth Resources

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on Telehealth
Visit http://www.hrsa.gov/telehealth/ for the website of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Health Resources and Services Administration's website.  This useful site provides a report on telehealth  licensure requirements and trends for many health professions across the country.  By clicking on Publications you then have access to their Telemedicine Licensure Report, the document "Telemental Health: Delivering Mental Health Care at a Distance," and a number of other useful documents and links.  

Psychotherapists' Professional Associations:

  • American Counseling Association (ACA). Ethical Standards for Internet Online Counseling. (Section A.12.) http://www.cacd.org/ACA_2005_Ethical_Code10405.pdf
  • American Psychiatric Association (ApA). Telepsychiatry http://www.psych.org/psych_pract/telepsych.cfm
  • American Psychological Association (APA). Statement on Services by Telephone, Teleconferencing, and Internet. http://www.apa.org/ethics/stmnt01.html
  • National Board for Certified Counselors (NASW). The Practice of Internet Counseling. http://www.nbcc.org/ethics/webethics.htm
  • Clinical Social Work Federation (CFSW). Position Paper on Internet Text-Based Counseling. http://www.cswf.org/www/therapy.html
  • National Council for State Boards of Nursing: http://www.ncsbn.org/files/mutual.asp

State Licensing Boards:

  • California Board of Psychology (CA-BOP): Notice to California Consumers Regarding the Practice of Psychology on the Internet http://www.psychboard.ca.gov/internet_therapy.htm
  • Telemedicine Licensure Report by the Center for Telemedicine Law see Telehealth Laws by State and Other State Laws Impacting Telehealth Practice (Sections III and IV) http://telehealth.hrsa.gov/lincensure.htm

Federal Laws and Regulations:

  • American Psychiatric Association: Legal & Licensing Issues http://www.psych.org/psych_pract/care_faq.cfm
  • Federal Office for the Advancement of Telehealth: http://telehealth.hrsa.gov/
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration Telemedicine, Office for the Advancement of Telehealth. Technical Assistance Documents: Introduction, pages 1-5, and Chapter 9, Mental Health, pages 188-205. http://muhealth.org/%7Etelehealth/geninfo/TAD.pdf
  • National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (2000). Translating behavioral science into action: Report of the National Advisory Mental Health Council Behavioral Science Workgroup. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/council/bswsummary.cfm

Medicare & Medicaid:  Reimbursement of Telehealth

Professional Telehealth Associations:

  • American Telemedicine Association: www.americantelemed.org
  • Association of Telemedicine Service Providers: www.atsp.org
  • Canadian Society of Telehealth: http://www.cst-sct.org
  • Center for Telemedicine Law http://www.ctl.org/
  • International Society for Mental Health Online (ISMHO): http://www.ismho.org/
  • International Society for Telemedicine - http://www.isft.org
  • Telemedicine Information Exchange - http://tie.telemed.org/

Online Journals:

  • Journal of Medical Internet Research: http://www.jmir.org/2002/2/e12/
  • Telehealth Practice Report: http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/mi2.html
  • Telemedicine Today magazine: http://telemedtoday.com

Miscellaneous Resources:

  • Grohol, J.M., E-Therapy Essays: http://psychcentral.com/best
  • Maheu, M., Resources on Telehealth: http://www.telehealth.net
  • Capital Area Rural Health Roundtable: http://www.gmu.edu/departments/chp/rhr/
  • Centre for Online Health: www.coh.uq.edu.a
  • Center for Telehealth: http://www.ttuhsc.edu/telemedicine/
  • MyTherapyNet - Host Online Therapy http://www.mytherapy.net/

Online Articles on Telehealth:

  • DiBlassio, J., Simonin, D., DeCarlo, A., Moore, L., Jean, J., Vassalotte, L., Franks, K., & Chambliss, C. (1999). Assessing the quality of psychological healthcare sites available on the Internet. Perspectives, 4(4). http://mentalhelp.net/perspectives/articles/art12982
  • Grohol, J. M. (1999). Best Practices in eTherapy: Definition & Scope of e-therapy. http://www.grohol.com/best/best5.htm
  • Gross, S. J. (2000). Internet characteristics and the ethical issues raised by online counseling. https://www.helphorizons.com/vo/library/ article.asp?id=89
  • Holmes, L. (1997). Who regulates health on the net? http://mentalhealth.about.com/health/mentalhealth/ library/weekly/aa010499.htm
  • Holmes, L. (1999a). You can't do psychotherapy on the Net, yet. http://mentalhealth.about.com/health/mentalhealth/ library/weekly/aa010499.htm
  • Holmes, L. (1999b). It's just not therapy. http://mentalhealth.about.com/mentalhealth/ health/library/weekly/aa032299.htm
  • Laszlo, J.V. Esterman, G., & Zabco, S. (1999). Therapy over the Internet? Theory, research, and finances. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 2(3). http://www.geocities.com/HotSrings/Resort/7579/internet.htm
  • Maheu, M.M. (1999a). Risk management in the re-tooling of health care. http://telehealth.net/articles/riskman3.html
  • Maheu, M.M. (1999b). Telehealth - A call to action. http://telehealth.net/articles/action.html
  • Maheu, M.M. (2000). Delivering behavioral telehealth via the Internet: eHealth. Telehealth.net. http://telehealth.net/articles/deliver.html
  • Maheu, M.M. (no date). Telehealth: The furthering of psychology as a profession. Telehealth.net. http://telehealth.net/articles/further.html
  • Nickelson, D. (2000). Telecommunication trends and professional practice. Practitioner Focus, 12(2), 8-9. http://www.apa.org/practice/
  • Pulier, M.L. (1999). Virtual counseling on the Internet? Not quite yet. Telehealth.net. http://telehealth.net/articles/virtual.html
  • Rabasca, L. (1999). HCFA rejects telehealth payment for psychologists. Monitor Online, 30(2). http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb99/tele.html
  • Rice, V. (1997). Cyberpsychology: Therapy for the 1990's. http://www.zdnet.com/zdtv/thesite/0597w5/life/life179_052997.html
  • Sussman, R.J. (1998). Counseling online. CTOnline. http://www.counseling.org/ctonline/sr598/sussman.htm


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